Instead, after his father’s untimely death, Caligula spent much of his childhood in exile, only to return to Rome as the uneasy protégé of Tiberius, the paranoid emperor who had cast him and ...

On another occasion, Caligula was irritated with a magistrate and so deliberately smeared mud all over his toga. The young man was Titus Vespasian, who would order the sack of Jerusalem and its ...

Not only was Caligula known for being a tyrannical and ruthless leader, he was also a sadist who humiliated his senate. Caligula assumed the throne in A.D. 37, and in A.D. 41 the Praetorian Guard ...

His mother had been exiled and his two elder brothers executed on flimsy treason charges. As the grown mascot of Rome's army and the only surviving son of a charismatic father, many hoped Caligula ...

Caligula proved a popular choice as emperor, both in Rome and in the provinces. He was not only the son of Germanicus but also the grandson, on his mother’s side, of Marcus Agrippa, and the ...