Python classes can make your code more complicated than necessary. So when should you use classes, and when should you use standard functions instead?

Python dataclasses can make your Python classes less verbose and more powerful at the same time. Here's an introduction to using dataclasses in your Python programs.

Take advantage of caching and the lru_cache decorator to relieve your Python functions from repetitive heavy lifting.

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You're taking a new programming class this fall, and you don't know anything about code. Python is taught widely in schools, and it's one of the most loved programming languages because it's simple.