Recognizing symbols such as numbers and operation ... visualizing multiplication may help students understand and retain multiplication rules. Some math skills obviously develop sequentially.

We can see two calculations here. An addition and a multiplication which means two groups of 5 is equal to 10. You can rearrange objects to form both multiplication and repeated addition number ...

In “The Language of Mathematics,” Raúl Rojas ... “had no standard symbols for addition, subtraction, or multiplication, and ...