The finds, which also include dozens of clay sealings, contain details of a metric system used to measure resources, as well ...

The texts contain cuneiform symbols, an early writing system, and show the red tape of government bureaucracy dates back over ...

Archaeologist and scholar Giorgio Buccellati’s book At the Origins of Politics describes how Mesopotamia’s urban ... as referring to the overall system of social and economic organization ...

Red tape may feel like a modern-day frustration, but according to archaeologists, it's been a part of governance for millennia. Evidence from ancient Mesopotamia reveals that bureaucratic systems were ...

Evidence from ancient Mesopotamia reveals that bureaucratic ... containing cuneiform symbols, an ancient writing system, record the affairs of the state, including issues relating to land ...

For centuries, the study of cuneiform—the world’s oldest known writing system—relied on painstaking ... economic and social history of ancient Mesopotamia. But that’s just the start ...

Illustration of Mesopotamian urban center ... The resulting monetary system of account-keeping for credit and fiscal collection was part of a broader economic context in which standardized ...

Archaeologist and scholar Giorgio Buccellati’s book At the Origins of Politics describes how Mesopotamia’s urban revolution in ... idea of “public” as referring to the overall system of social and ...

In most civilisations, writing was invented chiefly for documenting information related to commerce. For example, the Proto-Cuneiform script of ancient Mesopotamia, written on clay tablets, kept a ...