TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. About the Archive This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of ...

The 1848 Public Health Act was the first step on the road to improved public health. One of the individuals who played an important role in its creation was Edwin Chadwick, a social reformer. Edwin ...

Bone tissue engineering has rapidly emerged as an ideal strategy to replace autologous bone grafts, establishing a comprehensive system centered on biomaterial scaffolds, seeding cells, bioactive ...

From the start of the 1840s, economic crises, mass poverty and general political discontent destabilised the social and political order in numerous European countries, culminating in a wave of ...

Rating records were generated by taxation on a local basis and can be a useful source where such documents survive. In some cases, they may give specific details about residents and properties which ...

1 Oceanographic Center of Vigo, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Spanish National Research Council (IEO-CSIC), Vigo, Spain 2 Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC ...

While a number of central and northern German states eventually adopted constitutions, Prussia and Austria rejected the introduction of constitutions for their sovereign territories until 1848. Only ...

Aaron Nola strikes out eight batters over 5 1/3 innings of work on the mound during his first start of the season ...